Content
Unit 7
Class 1
Season: Estaciones
Spring:
Summer:
Autumn/Fall:
Winter:
What’s
the weather like? ¿Cómo está el clima?
It’s
sunny (está soleado)
It’s
windy (está ventoso)
It’s cloudy (está nublado)
It’s snowy (está nevado)
It’s rainy (está lluvioso)
GRAMMAR:
Present Progressive or Continuous
We use it to express actions that are
happening in this momento, actions that are in progress.
I am teaching.
He is running in the
park.
We are studying English.
Structure:
Subject + am/is/are + verb in base form + ing
+ comp.
She is studying
Mathematics.
Verb to be:
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are
Class 2
Present Continuous
Overview
*How to form a present continuous
*When to use a present continuous
Good to Know
*To be
Singular forms
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
Plural forms
We are
You are
They are
-Look at these sentences:
I am talking on the phone.
We are cooking dinner.
They are in the present continuouns tense.
How to form a present continuouns
* Subject+ "to be" + verb + ing
-I am working late
-You are talking too fast.
-He is watching television.
-She is walking to school.
-It is raining
-We are singing a song.
-You are doing your homework.
-They are looking for a hotel.
How to form a present continuous
*Verbs ending in an "e"
take, make (etc.)
-I am taking the bus school.
-He is making dinner.
*one syllable, ending in a consonant, preceded by a vowel:
double the consonant.
-sit
-get
-run
-I am sitting outside.
-You are running fast.
-It is getting late.
-We are letting ourselves go.
-They are swimming in the river.
Present continuous in questions.
*to be +subject+ verb + ing
-Am I getting close?
-Are you running late?
-Is he talking a bus?
-Is she playing tennis?
-Are we going in the right direction?
-Are you arriving by ferry?
-Are they eating their luch?
Negative form:
I am teaching.
* "to be" + not + verb + ing
(-) I am
not teaching.
(-) I’m
not teaching.
-I am not waiting for you
-You aren’t looking for me.
-He isn’t sleeping late.
-She isn’t talking on the phone.
-It isn’t freezing.
-We aren’t putting up a tent.
-You aren’t speaking at the same time.
-They aren’t cutting paper.
He is running in the
park.
He is not running in the
park.
He isn’t running in the
park.
He’s not running in the park.
We are studying
English.
We are not studying
English.
We aren’t studying
English.
We’re not studying
English.
Things that are happening now
-I am watching television at the moment.
-It is raining right now.
-Look, they are swimming in the river.
For plans in the near future.
-I am flying to Dubai next week
-He is meeting her at the airport in an hour.
-Are they moving this weekend
Spelling:
Study = He is studying.
Come = They are coming
See = it is seeing
Do = I am doing
Run = We are running
consonant + vocal + consonant
put = she is putting the cutlery.
Time expressions:
Today
Now
Right now
In this moment
At the moment
This ……….
These……..
Look
Listen
I listen (listen) to the radio every day. (simple
present)
I am listening (listen) to the radio right now. (present progressive)
Questions:
1. Yes/No questions
He is listening to music.
Is he listening to
music?
Yes, he is
No, he isn’t
You are working hard.
Are you working hard?
Yes, I am
No, I’m not.
Am I teaching English?
Yes, you are
No, you aren’t
2. Wh-questions / Information
questions
Book- Getting started
1. Anita usually relaxes on Saturdays, but today she’s working!
2.Yoko says, "Lisa and I are skiing today. It’s snowing here right now."
3.Bill says, "Marcos and I are at the beach... we’re not swimming . It´s too cold!".
4.Nathan says, "I’m in San Jose With Katie and Rob. They´re playing tennis".
A) Complete Anita's other voice mail messages. Then listen and check.
1. Saturday, 11:45 a.m.
Hi, Anita . This is Andrea
I'm calling (call) form the mall. I’m in a café with Chris.
We are having (have) luch right now. Chris is not staying (not stay) long.
He is shopping (shop) for a new computer. So let’s meet.
Give me a call. See you!
2.Saturday 1:30 p.m
Hey, Anita. It’s me, Jhon.
I´m at Andrew’s house.
We are watching (watch) the baseball game. The Giants are not playing (not play) very well. And now it is raining (rain). Um, let´s meet for dinner. Call me on my cell. Bye.
3. Saturday 2:00pm
Hi. Where are you? I hope you are not working (not work). Listen, Chloe is not working (not work) today, and I am not doing (not do ) anything special. You know, I am cleaning (clean) the house, and Chloe is doing (do) laundry. So come over around 5:00, and have an early dinner. Call me.
Book. Building vocabulary
They’re playing basketball
They’re playing football
They’re playing volleyball
They’re doing aerobics
They’re doing weight training
They’re doing karate
They’re bowling
They’re running
They're biking
Class 3
1. Wh-questions / Information
questions
Are you studying? Yes I am
/ No, I’m not
What are you studying? ¿Qué estás
estudiando?
I am studying English
When are you studying?
I am studying every day.
Where are you studying?
I am studying at home.
Who are you studying with?
I am studying with my friends
Why are you studying English?
Because it is necessary for my
career.
Because I like it.
Because it is mandatory.
Because it is necessary to get a good job.
Who is teaching you English?
Teacher Hernán is teaching me
English.
What (Qué)
Where (Dónde)
When (Cuándo)
Which (Cuál)
Who (Quién)
Why (Por qué)
How (Cómo)
Book. Complete the questions with the present constinuous
1. What are you doing (do) for exercise these days?
2. Are you running (run)? Are you swimming (swim)?
3. Are you getting (get) enough exercise?
4. Is your best friend taking (take) an exercise class?
5. Who is exercising (exercise) more- you our your best friend?
6. Are you watching (watch) any special sporting events on TV this week?
7. Are your friends playing (play) on any sports teams this year? How about you?
8. How is your favorite sports team doing (do) this season?
Who on the team is playing (play) well?
It= a car/ a book/ a house / an apple
They = cars
Your ……. Is different than YOU
HE or SHE
Is your best friend?
He/she
Are your friends
They
Hernán is working
He is working
He’s (correct)
He´s (incorrect)
Class 4
They are doing different activities:
Mike is cleaning the window.
Present progress
The birds are singing on the three.
The ducks are swimming.
The cat is climbing the three.
The girls are playing with the dolls.
Paul is watering the yellow flowers.
The grandfather is sleeping.
Mr Green is reading the newspaper.
Mrs Green is listening to the radio
The grandmather is driking coffee.
Simon is eating a sandwich.
Unit 8
Class 1
Shopping
What are you wearing? ¿Que estás puesto?
I am wearing sneakers, jeans and t-shirt.
Before you begin
Look at the pictures. What are the people wearing? What are your classmates weaing? Use the words below.
Pants and a top (2)
a sweatshirt (4)
a dress and high heels (1)
a suit and tie (3)
jeans (2)
sweatpants (4)
a cardigan (1)
a T-shirt (4)
What kinds of clothes do you like to wear?
I like to wear .....
Need to
Have to
verbs to
I like to wear a dress.
I like apples.
You want to learn English
You want a car.
We need to buy a computer
We need money
They have to go to the gym.
They have dogs.
Structure:
Subject + like/want/need /have + to + verb base form+ complement.
Simple present
Third persont / He - It - She
He wants to learn English.
She needs to buy a computer
My brother has to go to the gym.
Have
I have
You have
He has
She has
It has
We have
You have
They have
Class 2
Negative form:
We
use two auxiliary verbs:
don’t (do not) (I, you, we, they)
doesn’t (does not) (he,she,it)
You
like to speak Japanese.
You
don’t like to speak
Japanese.
She
likes to visit the church.
She
doesn’t like to visit the
church.
We
need to buy jeans.
We
don’t need to buy
jeans.
She
needs to learn Chemistry.
She
doesn’t need to learn
Chemistry.
They
have to go tomorrow.
They
don’t have to go
tomorrow.
He
has to drive his car.
He
doesn’t have to drive
his car.
Questions:
We
use two auxiliary verbs:
do (I, you, we, they)
does (he, she, it)
You
have to dance in the party.
Do
you have to dance in the party?
Yes,
I do
No,
I don’t
She
has to buy a new dress.
Does she have to buy a new dress?
Yes,
she does
No,
she doesn’t
What
do you find (color) in nature?
What
do you find (red) in nature? an apple
What
do you find (white) in nature? the snow
What do you find (brown) in nature? some potatoes.
What do you find (orange) in nature? some oranges.
What do you find ( pink) in nature? some dragon friut.
What do you find (yellow) in nature? some bananas.
Class 3
Grammar:
How
much =¿Cuánto cuesta?
How
much is this car? ¿Cuánto cuesta este carro?
|
Singular |
Plural |
|
This
(near) |
These
(near) |
|
That (we point the
object) |
Those (we point the
objects) |
How
much is this computer?
It’s $600
This = esto, esta, este
How
much are these
computers?
They’re $1.000
These = estos, estas
How
much is that computer?
It’s
$800
That = eso, esa, ese
How
much are those
computers?
They’re
$2.000
Those = esos, esas
Unit 9
Class 1
A wide world
What other things do you like to do when you visit other places?
Take photos
Go shopping
Buy souvenirs
Visit museums
Try local food
Take a walk
Grammar
We can use the modal verb can (poder) and we use it in the folowing situations:
1.-Abilities
2. Possibilities
3. Permission
4 Request.
1. Abilities: /
I can speak English.
Stephanie can dance.
Francis can play basketball.
Israel can dance regueton.
Structure:
Subject + can/can’t + verb base form + c
NO
Jenny can singer
Guido can to play ecuavolley
Negative form
My sister can bake.
(-)
My sister can’t bake.
He
can ride a horse.
(-)
He can’t ride a horse.
Questions:
You can iron.
Can you iron?
Yes,
I can
No,
I can’t
She can speak four languages.
Can she speak four languages?
Yes,
she can.
No,
she can’t.
1. Possibility.
You can eat fish.
You can eat chontacuros.
You can eat traditional food.
Structure:
Subject + can/can’t + verb base form + c
Yes/no questions:
You can visit the lakes in Ibarra.
Can
you visit the lakes in Ibarra?
Yes,
I can
No, I can’t
Wh-question / Information questions
What
can I do in Ambato?
You
can buy souvenirs.
You
can eat llapingachos.
You
can visit your family.
You
can visit a museum.
Unit 10
What
did you do last night?
Last
nigh I ……
Grammar:
Simple Past.
We
can use the simple past with:
1.
Regular verbs.
2. Irregular verbs.
1.
Regular verbs
Work
= worked
Clean
= cleaned
Jump
= jumped
Watch
= watched
Like = liked
Play = played stay = stayed
Study = studied cry =
cried fry
= fried
Chat = chatted stop = stopped shop
= shopped
cvc
Except (W,X,Y,Z)
My friend cleaned the house.
You cooked dinner last night.
They visited the mall.
Structure:
Subject + verb past + c
Negative: We use auxiliary verb didn’t (did not)
My friend cleaned the house.
(-)
My friend didn’t clean
the house.
You cooked dinner last night.
(-)
You didn’t cook dinner last night.
They visited the mall.
(-)
They didn’t visit
the mall.
Time expressions:
Yesterday
Last
…….
Ago
I went to Miami two years ago.
(yo fui a Miami hace 2 años)
My cousin arrived to the country
three hours ago.
(Mi prima llegó al país hace 3 horas)
ReviewSimple past:
Example
I watched a movie yesterday.
I ate dinner two hours ago.
I was busy last week.
Regular verbs
subject + verb + ed
I watched TV.
You watched TV.
He watched TV.
We watched TV.
They watched TV.
The student watched TV.
I walked my dog yesterday.
She played the guitar at my party last month.
The students studied last night.
Irregular verbs
do= did
drink= drank
eat = ate
go= went
have= had
run= ran
say= said
sing = sang
sleep= slept
write= wrote
Subject + rregular verb form
I ate pizza.
You ate pizza.
He ate pizza.
She ate pizza.
We ate pizza.
They ate pizza.
The student ate pizza.
The students ate pizza.
-You went to Paris two years go.
My dog slept on my bed last night.
We drank coffee yesterday morning.
Be Verb = was / were
I was tired.
You were tired.
He was tired.
She was tired.
We were tired.
They were tired.
The student was tired.
The students were tired.
I was cold yesterday.
My dog was hungry.
My new shoes were expensive.
Unit 11
Look back refers to the past
What do you remember about your first friend?
I met him in the school, his name was Fernando, he was 6 years old. We lived in the same neighborhood, we enjoyed playing soccer in the afternoons. We were very happy.
TO BE Past
I was
You were
He was
She was
It was
We were
You were
They were
I was unhappy.
My teacher was strict
We were scared.
They were tall.
Structure:
Subject + was/ were + adjective
I was a teacher.
She was my friend
They were my students.
Structure + was/ were + noun
Noun
People
Animals
Things
He is working (Present progressive)
He was working (past progressive)
............................
What do you remember about your first
friend?
I
met him in the
school, his name was
Fernando, he was 6
years old. We lived in
the same neighborhood, we enjoyed
playing soccer in the afternoons. We were very happy.
verbo regular
verbo irregular
verb to be past
((¿Qué recuerdas de tu primer amigo? Lo conocí en la escuela, se llamaba Fernando, tenía 6 años. Vivíamos en el mismo barrio, disfrutábamos jugando al fútbol por las tardes. Eramos muy felices.))
Negative form:
He
was my teacher.
He
was not my teacher.
He
wasn’t my teacher.
They
were friends.
They
were not friends.
They
weren’t friends.
She
was angry.
She
was not angry.
She
wasn’t angry.
Questions:
You were
tired.
Were you tired?
Yes,
I was.
No,
I wasn’t.
She was
a lawyer.
Was she a lawyer?
Yes,
she was.
No, she wasn’t.
..................
I
wasn’t good with numbers. I wasn’t good in Math.
Were you happy? (Yes/no question)
Yes,
I was
No,
I wasn’t
Where Were
you happy? (Information question)
I
was happy when I was a child.
I
was happy in my school.
When Were you happy?
I
was happy when I was 18 years old.
Why were you happy?
I was happy because I had good grades.
Where
were you last night?
Last night I was at home.
I broke up with my girlfriend because we didn’t get along.
Get a bad sunburn = quemarse con el sol
Unit 12
Ellen’s problem:
She
doesn’t know what to cook.
Grammar:
Noun:
People
Animals
Things
Singular Nouns
a = 1 an = 1
a
banana an apple
a
melon an orange
a
lemon an eraser
a
watermelon an umbrella
I
have to take a test in …an… hour.
I
bought …a…. house.
Plural Nouns
melons
bananas
houses
boxes
dictionary
= dictionaries
Countable Nouns
We
can count the nouns.
houses
people
vegetables
bananas
tangerines
bill
(billete)
coins
(monedas)
Uncountable Nouns
We
can’t count the nouns.
Uncountable nouns DON’T HAVE plural form.
milk -------> a glass of, a bottle of, a liter of
coffee -------> a cup of
water
sugar -------> a kilogram, a pound (una libra)
rice
salt
meat
bread
money
Quantifiers
|
|
COUNTABLE |
UNCOUNTABLE |
Example |
|
Many |
x |
|
There are many students. |
|
Much (negative sentences) |
|
x |
I don’t have much sugar. |
|
How many |
x |
|
How many
people do you have? |
|
How much |
|
x |
How much money do you need? |
|
Few (pocos) A few (pocos) |
x |
|
I need few books. |
|
Little (poco) A little |
|
x |
I need little salt. |
|
Some |
x |
x |
I have some friends. She needs some milk.
|
|
A lot of |
x |
x |
She has a lot of notebooks. They have a lot of water.
|
Book- Example
1.A. How much frutdo you eat a day?
B. Well, I have a banana every day for breakfast, and I eat a lot of fruit after dinner for dessert.
2. A. How many times a week do you eat potatoes?
B. About once a week. But I eat rice every day.
3. A. Do you eat a lot of red meat?
Or do you prefer chicken?
B. Actually, I’m a vegetarian, so I never eat meat.
4. A. How often do you eat seafood?
B. Well, I eat a lot of fish, but I’m allergic to shellfish.
5. A. How many eggs do you eat a week?
B. I don’t eat much. I don’t really like eggs.
6. A. How often do you eat vegetables?
B. I usually eat a lot of Frech fries. Is that a vegetable?
---------------------------
I have money but I have few friends. :(
2. I don’t have money but I have a few friends. :)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
What
would you like to eat?
¿Qué te gustaría comer?
I
would like to eat …….
I’d
like = I would like
What
would you like to drink?
I’d like to drink a cup of coffee.
either
(ider) = tampoco
thirsty = sediento
Some -------> (+)
Any ----------> (-) and (?)
Book- Example
1.
A. What
woul you like to eat?
B. I’d like some chicken.
2. A. I’d like some fish.
B. We don’t have any. Let’s go buy some.
Book- Example
1.A. I’m sleepy. I’d like to go for a walk. Would you like to come?
B. Sure. Let’s go out for some coffee. I’d like to get some cake, too.
2. A. I’m really thristy. Do you have any water with you?
B.Well, I have some soda. Would you like any?
3. A. Would
you like a snack? I
have some cookies
and peanuts.
Oh wait, I don’t have any peanuts.
B. Um, I‘d like
some fruit. Do you have any?
4. A. What would
you like to do after
class? Do you have any
plans?
B. Well, I need to go shopping and get some food.
A. Oh, I can come with you. I need to get some milk, too I don’t
have any.